Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and other new and innovative technologies are currently being used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease, such as essential tremor, dystonia, and other complex movement disorders and affective syndromes. The techniques allow anyone to live a better life with a medical illness involving a group of brain structures known as the basal ganglia. Patients undergo deep brain stimulation from all over the world to combat the symptoms of Parkinson’s
Deep Brain Stimulation Background
Many human CNS (Central Nervous System) diseases are associated with abnormal patterns of physiological activity in the brain. In addition, thanks to a plethora of animal and human research, we have learned that rates and patterns of electrophysiological activity are abnormal in many of these basal ganglia circuits.
So, we change the rates and patterns of activity by implanting brain stimulators into one of the many targets, including the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, internal capsule, and other regions.
We place these devices in an OT while using advanced brain imaging, stereotactic targeting, microelectrode recording, and macro stimulation.
The placement is often within a millimetre or less of the optimal target spot to improve the symptoms, avoiding any side effects.
Electrical stimulation in these regions tends to change the abnormal brain conversations and thus, effectively treating several diseases, including Parkinson’s, tremor, dystonia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
After the placement, the electrodes are left in the spot. Further adjustments are made to the deep brain stimulation settings (pulse width, frequency, amplitude) to accommodate the change of symptoms over time.
Selected patients tend to benefit a lot from DBS or other surgeries such as pallidotomy or thalamotomy.
Exercise
Starting or regularly continuing exercise does have a lot of impact on your mobility. Both in the short and long term. Parkinson’s patients also tend to report physical and mental benefits of their exercise, which include swimming, cycling, dancing, and even non-contact boxing
In addition, several studies have proved that regular exercise routines help maintains or even improve mobility, balance, and coordination in people with PD.
Brain restoration
It should be noted that restoration of brain function was always thought to be impossible. However, the journal of Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience (RNN) shows that improvement is achieved for more than 20 years.
By reviewing both pre-clinical studies and clinical work, we know what advancements we can expect and what we could expect moving forward.
For example, there has been a clinical focus on non-invasive brain stimulations and rehabilitation training trials in the last few years.
In addition, in basic animal research, multi-modal approaches have been shown to restore brain function when a combination of different treatments are administered.
Thus, we think this is an interesting and hopeful period in the restoration of brain function. The new strategies are aiming to recover their impaired neurological functions.
Health Tips & Info
Identify, Diagnose and Work:
Parkinson’s symptoms usually begin gradually and worsen over time. As Parkinson’s progresses, patients tend to have mobility difficulties; they also present mental and behavioural changes, sleep problems, depression, memory difficulties, and fatigue.
Men and women are prone to Parkinson’s disease. However, the disease affects more men than women.
A clear risk factor for Parkinson’s is age.
Although most people develop the disease at about age 60, about 5-10% of people have “early-onset” of the disease, which begins even before they get to 50.
Early-onset forms of Parkinson’s are often inherited. However, there are a few exceptions. In addition, some more forms have been linked to specific gene mutations.
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